Which right is granted only to United States citizens?

The right to vote in federal elections is a privilege specifically granted only to United States citizens. This means that only individuals who have completed the naturalization process or were born as citizens have the legal ability to participate in federal elections, including casting their votes for President, Senators, and Representatives. This exclusivity ensures that only those who have a formal connection and commitment to the country through citizenship can influence its governance.

While the ability to run for office is also largely associated with citizenship, there are certain local or state offices that may allow non-citizens to participate. Free speech is a constitutional right afforded to all individuals within the United States, regardless of their citizenship status, while the concepts of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness are fundamental rights that are recognized for all individuals residing in the country. Therefore, the voting right distinctly emphasizes the importance of civic engagement exclusively among citizens.